Manufacturers around the world enjoyed a solid start to the year as order books swelled, surveys showed on Monday, though a struggle for growth in China and a downturn in France took the shine off the overall picture.
Euro zone factories had their best month since mid-2011 and, with unemployment near record highs, increased headcount for the first time in two years. They were led by a sharp pick-up in Germany and a revival among the states on the region's periphery.
But France, the bloc's second biggest economy, remained a drag on the region.
"The major area of uncertainty over the last few years has been the euro area, but the latest PMI numbers tend to confirm (it)... is on a gentle recovery path with the periphery gaining encouraging momentum as well," said Philip Shaw at Investec.
"The latest numbers on China, and the UK, are a little less positive but there is nothing that would signal any major concerns about those economies from today's surveys."
Growth in China's service sector growth slowed to a five-year low, putting the focus on concerns of an slowdown in Asia's economic powerhouse - a factor behind the selloff that has hit emerging markets in the past two weeks.
A reading above 50 indicates growth.
The sub-index measuring output, which feeds into a composite PMI due on Wednesday and seen as a good guide to broader economic growth, rose to 56.7 from December's 54.9, in line with a flash estimate and its highest since April 2011.
Germany's PMI jumped to a 32-month high but while France's rose to a 23-month peak, it held firmly below the breakeven 50-mark.
Factories increased headcount to meet demand, providing some cheer to policymakers after data on Friday showed unemployment across the bloc held near a record high of 12 percent for the third month running in December.
However, manufacturers were unable to raise prices last month as fast as they did in December, possibly stoking fears of deflation in the region after consumer price inflation dropped unexpectedly in January.
China's Markit/HSBC manufacturing PMI fell to a six-month low of 49.5 in January, suggesting the overall factory sector contracted from December. A similar government measure also fell to a six-month low, although it indicated the sector was still expanding modestly.
A government PMI on the services sector fell to 53.4 in January, firmly in expansion territory but still the index's lowest level since December 2008.
That run of data provided further reminders for markets of the pressures on the world's top emerging market economy as Beijing tries to push major reforms without tamping down growth too much.
China's government wants to reduce a heavy reliance on the investments and exports that have fuelled breakneck economic growth in the past three decades in favor of consumption and services, which it thinks will provide lower but more sustainable growth.
Barclays analysts, referring to manufacturing, said they estimated the seasonal impact of Lunar New Year holidays was minimal on China's factory sector.
"In our view, much of the decline reflects (a) downbeat demand outlook and suggests continued softening in growth momentum," Jian Chang and Jerry Peng said in a note.
