Monday, 16 September 2013

Japan finance minister - hard to cut corporate tax while raising sales tax

Japanese Finance Minister Taro Aso reiterated on Tuesday his cautious view on a possible corporate tax cut to cushion the blow from a planned sales tax hike as the government prepares to draw up an economic package by the end of this month.
Aso made no mention of the size of the package, while repeating that the government should not resort to extra borrowing if it were to compile an extra budget for the current fiscal year to next March, given the need for fiscal reform.
"Realistically speaking, it would be difficult to lower the corporate tax while raising the sales tax," Aso told reporters after a cabinet meeting".
Source: Reuters

China's largest Internet companies are investing in companies that can give them competitive access to the smartphone market

 According to an article published today in the Wall Street Journal:
"Tencent Holdings Limited,invested $448 million for a minority share in Chinese search engine Sogou, the latest example of how China's largest Internet companies are spending sizable amounts to expand their product arsenals.The deal marks the end of months of talks between Sohu.com Inc and potential suitors for its Sogou search unit.
Tencent's investment, which gives it a 36.5% stake in Sogou, is also in part designed to keep rivals such as Baidu Inc. and Qiho360 Technology Co. from getting their hands on China's third-largest search engine by traffic, according to research firm CNZZ.
At the same time, it allows Sohu to retain control over Sogou while also getting a new source of traffic for its search engine from Tencent's popular QQ and WeChat messaging services. "What Sogou needs is not cash, it's traffic, access…I think this will do it," Sohu Chairman Charles Zhang said Monday.
China's largest Internet companies are rushing to acquire or invest in any companies that can give them a competitive edge in attracting China's growing number of smartphone users. Battle lines are being drawn among China's three largest Internet companies: social-media and games provider Tencent, e-commerce company Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. and search giant Baidu, respectively. The latest move firmly aligns Sohu with Tencent".

Japan faces record-long trade deficit, little sign can reverse trend

Japan is on course for its longest run of trade deficits, effectively marking the end of the nation's decades-long reliance on exports from the likes of electronics giant Sony and automaker Toyota as a driver of growth and income.

Trade figures due on Thursday are likely to show that Japan produced its 14th consecutive deficit in August, matching a 1979-1980 record run during the global oil shock. Economists say the deficits will continue.
When Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's reflationary policies weakened the yen after he took power last December, many economists had anticipated a so-called J-curve effect, where a spike in import costs would over time be more than offset by gains in exports.
But a closer look at trade statistics shows that the currency's 15 percent decline since the beginning of this year has failed to produce the export turnaround needed to bring the trade balance back into the black and there is little indication it will do so in the future, posing new policy challenges.
"I cannot tell when the trade deficit will end," said Norio Miyagawa, a senior economist at Mizuho Securities Research & Consulting Co. "What's worrying more is that Japan's export competitiveness may be waning."
With trade acting as a drag rather than an engine of growth, there is more pressure on Abe to reform the domestic economy. But so far, the structural reform part of the prime minister's "Abenomics" policy agenda has disappointed, unlike his radical monetary easing and fiscal stimulus, which have buoyed the stock market and business mood.

Source: NewsOnJapan

Il faudra 6 ans à la Grèce pour revenir à son niveau d'avant-crise

"Pour la majorité des experts, il ne faut pas des décennies ni de nombreuses générations, mais seulement six ans" pour que la Grèce retrouve le niveau de vie dont elle jouissait avant la crise de la dette de 2010, a estimé lundi 16 septembre à Athènes le premier ministre, Antonis Samaras. "Nous ne sommes pas encore sortis de l'ornière. Il y a encore des problèmes qu'il faut résoudre", a-t-il ajouté au cours d'une conférence sur la démocratie organisée par le quotidien International Herald Tribune.

Rappelant qu'il y avait eu de "sérieuses erreurs dans le premier programme" (2010-2012), le responsable a néanmoins souligné que la Grèce avait actuellement besoin de "mesures" pour renouer avec la croissance car les politiques d'austérité ne contribuent pas à l'assainissement de l'économie, qui s'est contractée de 25 % ces six dernières années.

Antonis Samaras doit se rendre mardi à Bruxelles pour s'entretenir avec les dirigeants de l'Union européenne, Herman Van Rompuy et José Manuel Barroso, ainsi qu'avec le commissaire à la concurrence, Joaquin Almunia. La Grèce, qui doit assurer au premier semestre 2014 la présidence semestrielle de l'Union européenne, aspire à une nouvelle aide de ses partenaires afin de réduire sa dette publique et  faire face à ses besoins financiers pour 2014 et 2015, évalués à 11 milliards d'euros"

Le Monde

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Japan Display. Apple Supplier Plans $2 Billion IPO

"You may not have heard of Japan Display Inc., but the Tokyo-based company is a supplier of displays used in Apple Inc.’s iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.
People familiar with the matter told The Wall Street Journal Friday the Japanese company is planning to go public,aiming to raise $2 billion. The IPO is expected to occur by March on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and value it at about $7 billion.
Japan Display, which began operations in 2012, was created out of a three-way merger among the display operations of major Japanese electronics makers – Sony Corp., Toshiba Corp. and Hitachi Ltd. Its current owner is Innovation Network Corp. of Japan, a government-backed investment fund, which invested about 70% in Japan Display when the merger took place. Sony, Toshiba and Hitachi hold a little less than 10% each". 
Source:WSJ

China Telecom Cuts iPhone Subsidies

In an article published today at the Wall Street Journal, the issue is that China's carriers are cutting subsidies for  new iPhones this year with respect to las year.

"Just as analysts are arguing that the new iPhones needs to be cheaper than ever to attract customers in China, carrier China Telecom Corp. cut back on subsidies.
Though the carrier will offer plans that reduce the extravagant cost of the handset for would-be customers, the company is forcing users to pay more upfront for the iPhone 5S than it did for the iPhone 5 last year.
For instance, if users buy a two-year data plan for 289 yuan per month ($47 per month), they have to pay 2398 yuan ($389.6) for the iPhone 5S. That compares with a charge of 1888 yuan for the iPhone 5 if a user committed to a similar plan last year. Without a plan the new iPhone 5S costs 5,288 yuan.
The large amount a customer is forced to initially spend to get the iPhone highlights the difference between carrier subsidies in China with other markets like the U.S. It also shows why the high price points in China make it so difficult for Apple to compete. 
“China Telecom had already cut the handset subsidies for the iPhone 5 compared to the iPhone 4S when it launched devices.” “Regarding the same 2-year contract with a monthly fee of 289 yuan,  China Telecom’s handset subsidies for the  iPhone 4S accounted for 47% of the total contract value,but it has dropped to 39% for the iPhone 5 and 31% for iPhone 5S.”

Draghi:«La priorità è riavviare il credito all'economia reale»

«La ripresa è ancora agli inizi. L'economia rimane fragile». Lo ha detto il presidente della Bce, Mario Draghi, intervenendo ad un convegno Berlino. Pur apprezzando la crescita dello 0,3% messa a segno dalla zona euro nel secondo trimestre, Draghi ha affermato che «la ripresa è soltanto in una fase embrionale». 
«La disoccupazione - ha chiarito Draghi - è ancora troppo alta».
«L'Unione economica e monetaria (Emu) ha una vasta gamma di obiettivi, ma nelle circostanze attuali la sua priorità chiave è quella di riavviare il credito all'economia reale», ha detto Draghi. «Un freno ai prestiti bancari al momento - ha aggiunto Draghi - è la mancanza di trasparenza sui bilanci bancari. 
«Considerando le prospettive nel complesso contenute per l'inflazione nel medio termine, il consiglio della Bce si aspetta che i tassi di interesse restino ai livelli attuali o più bassi per un periodo di tempo prolungato», ha affermato. Il presidente della Bce ha inoltre sottolineato come gli sforzi di consolidamento dei governi e il programma di acquisto bond Omt (Outright Monetary Transactions) della Bce abbiano contribuito a innescare un miglioramento sui mercati. "Più in generale, il rischio di un evento estremo nell'area euro è calato - e quindi anche il rischio di un impatto avverso sulla stabilità  dei prezzi». Draghi ha poi definito una priorità  la ripresa dei prestiti al settore privato.

Corriere della Sera

China eyes private funds to tackle bad-debt buildup.

The hangover from a credit binge that powered China's swift recovery from the global financial crisis, combined with the economy's slowdown, has prompted expectations of a repeat of the early 2000s, when Beijing shored up its major banks with hundreds of billions of dollars.
Right now, however, authorities appear focused on pushing banks to bolster their balance sheets by aggressively enforcing new international bank capital requirements, known as Basel III.
Some analysts say warnings of an impending crisis are overdone.

"We've done some stress test analyses, which find that even under fairly stressed scenarios, the banks - especially the larger banks - will still be making a marginal profit," said Grace Wu, head China bank analyst at Daiwa Capital Markets in Hong Kong. "So in that sense, they won't even eat into their reserves."
Twelve of China's 17 listed banks have already announced plans to raise around 425 billion yuan($69.47 billion), largely through subordinate debt.
On Friday, the securities regulator said banks - and other listed firms - could also issue non-tradeable preferred shares. That offers another avenue for banks to bolster their balance sheets with funding from commercial investors, and possibly a way for the government to inject capital directly if private funds aren't enough.
In an article published last week, China's central bank governor, Zhou Xiaochuan, cited the U.S. government's rescue in the global financial crisis of AIG as a positive example of how preferred shares could be used.
Source: Reuters

World Bank president expects China to hit GDP growth target but warns of tapering risk

China should hit its GDP growth target of 7.5 percent this year, World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim said on Sunday.
But he warned that rising interest rates in emerging markets in response to reports that the U.S. is preparing to scale back its quantitative easing (QE) program show that significant risk remains.
"The rise in interest rates as a result of the announcement of the tapering of QE has exposed weaknesses in the economies of emerging markets," he told reporters.

"Our message is very strong to those emerging markets: think about those weaknesses and begin to move."

Source:  Reuters

U.N.: 'Convincing Evidence' Sarin Gas Used in Syria

"On the basis of the evidence obtained during the investigation of the Ghouta incident, the conclusion is that chemical weapons have been used in the ongoing conflict between the parties in the Syrian Arab Republic ... against civilians, including children, on a relatively large scale," the report said.
"In particular the environmental, chemical and medical samples we have collected provide clear and convincing evidence that surface to surface rockets containing the nerve agent sarin were used," it said.
The photo released by the United Nations shows Sellstrom giving the report, which will be officially released later on Monday, to U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. By zooming in on the photo some of its contents can be clearly read.
The results of Sellstrom's investigation are not surprising. Several weeks ago U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry announced that sarin had been used in the chemical attack on the Ghouta region near Damascus.
It is not clear whether the report will include details that suggest culpability. Sellstrom's mandate is limited to investigating the facts, not assigning blame.

Source: Reuters

More than half of Brazilian adults have bank accounts, but only two in every ten save money.

More than half of Brazilian adults have bank accounts, but only two in every ten save money.
A recently disclosed report by the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank stresses the positive aspects of growing financial inclusion in Brazil.
However, it shows concern with Brazilians' low savings and the risks of debt, especially among those with low income.
The number of people with access to bank accounts, 56% in Brazil, is higher than Latin America's average of 39% and also that of most developing countries.
Despite that, in 2011, only 21% of Brazilians said they had saved money in the previous year. And only half of them did so in banks.
The report highlights that countries with income similar to that of Brazil have twice the amount of savings. "Credit expanded quickly and became more widespread than savings accounts, creating an unhealthy potential for high indebtedness," says the document.
The IMF and the World Bank, however, praise the Brazilian government's efforts to promote financial education among the population.

Source: BBC Fohla de Sao Paulo

U.S. industrial production rose in August

Industrial output increased 0.4 percent last month after being flat in July, the Federal Reserve said on Monday. The rise was in line with economists' expectations.
Manufacturing production advanced 0.7 percent, reversing the prior month's 0.4 percent drop, as automobile assembly rebounded 5.2 percent after slumping 4.5 percent in July.
Factory activity hit a speed bump early in the year. The industrial production report pointed to some underlying momentum, which could support views of only a mild slowdown in economic growth this quarter.
Gains in industrial production were almost broad-based in August, though utilities output fell for a fifth consecutive month.
Mining production rose 0.3 percent last month, but that was a big step back from July's 2.4 percent increase.
Last month, the amount of industrial capacity in use edged up to 77.8 percent from 77.6 percent in July.

Industrial capacity utilization - a measure of how fully firms are using their resources - was 2.4 percentage points below its long-run average.

Syrie : Paris, Londres et Washington veulent une résolution "forte" à l'ONU

A l'issue d'une réunion à Paris, lundi 16 septembre, les ministres des affaires étrangères de la France, de la Grande-Bretagne et des Etats-Unis ont annoncé qu'ils souhaitaient obtenir "du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies une résolution forte" sur la Syrie"qui prévoira, bien sûr, des conséquences sérieuses si elle n'était pas appliquée".

"La pression est sur eux [le régime de Damas] pour qu'ils appliquent intégralement cet accord. Le monde doit être prêt à en tirer les conséquences s'ils ne le font pas", a soutenu le Britannique William Hague. "Si Assad n'applique pas l'accord sur les armes [chimiques], il y aura des conséquences", a ajouté John Kerry.
Cette résolution, qui doit être soumise au vote "dans les prochains jours", fait suite à l'accord sur le desarmament de l*arsenal chimiquede la Syrie auquel Russes et Américains sont parvenus au cours du week-end. Selon l'Elysée, les trois pays ont souhaité "un calendrier précis" pour le contrôle et le démantèlement de l'arsenal chimique du régime syrien.

Le Monde

Marc Faber: In terms of Investment, there is nothing Safe any more

“In terms of investment, there is nothing safe any more. The US money-printing has distorted all asset prices while cash in the bank has not given you any return when inflation is adjusted. Inflation in Thailand is running at 10 per cent per annum. I don’t look at the government’s statistics. All governments around the world lie” about inflation. - in nationmultimedia

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Lawrence Summers' withdrawal as a candidate for Federal Reserve Chairman

"Lawrence Summers' withdrawal as a candidate for Federal Reserve  Chairman came after an unprecedented campaign to stop a Fed nominee even before he was announced, spearheaded by Democratic senators who took on a president of their own party.
The decision by Summers, the former Treasury secretary and economic adviser to President Barack Obama, came as Democrats on the Senate Banking Committee began publicly and privately signaling their concerns about Summers to the White House.
Several Democratic senators were pressing colleagues in their own party to oppose Summers on the grounds that he was too lax on financial regulation". They pressed forward as the White House was focused on building support for a military strike in Syria.
“Any possible confirmation process for me would be acrimonious and would not serve the interests of the Federal Reserve, the administration, or ultimately, the interests of the nation’s ongoing recovery.” Summers wrote in a letter yesterday to Obama.
 "Of the two perceived leading candidates for the Fed chairmanship, Summers was widely regarded as more eager to taper the Fed's $85 million a month bond-buying program. Janet Yellen, the Fed's current vice chair and the other candidate seen as a leading contender, has been more widely perceived by investors as favoring a more gradual easing of stimulus.
US stock futures rose on Monday as investors bet that the exit of Mr Summers as a candidate for Fed Chairman, would mean a more gradual easing of monetary stimulus"
Source: Bloomberg, Reuters

Sunday, 15 September 2013

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Cinq ans après Lehman Brothers, la culture financière n’a pas changé.


"Les circonstances qui ont provoqué le 15 septembre 2008, la chute de Lehman Brothers sont nombreuses, mais jamais Richard Fuld, son CEO, n’a cru que le Trésor américain, à la tête duquel se trouvait l'ancien patron de Goldman Sachs et un des "parrains" de Wall Street, le lâcherait. Contrairement à une perception  erronée,  ce sont les Républicains qui étaient au pouvoir et ne voulaient plus d'un sauvetage des banques. Comme cette crise avait été provoquée par la mauvaise gestion des banques et non par des facteurs extérieurs, il  faillait envoyer un message clair: l'argent des contribuables n’est pas au services des institutions financières. Il fallait une leçon grandeur nature pour comprendre ce qu'une telle faillite signifie au niveau mondial et mettre une limite au chantage des banquiers.
Suite à ce qui a été un traumatisme -mais n'a pas affecté les investisseurs particuliers aux Etats-Unis- la machine règlementaire s'est mise en route. Des deux cotés de l'Atlantique, les Gouvernements ont renfloué les banques.  Les dirigeants politiques ont remis en route la machine à réguler pour que, plus jamais, les contribuables n’aient à sauver les banques. 

Malheureusement, au lieu de restructurer la règlementation, on en a ajouté une couche. La nouvelle règlementation est à la fois plus complexe, moins efficace et encore moins adaptée aux marchés mondiaux.
On s'est intéressé au risque systémique, mais en se contentant de mettre autour de la table les mêmes acteurs. 
Aux États-Unis, ce seront des régulateurs spécialisés sous la houlette du Trésor. En Europe ce seront les 28 régulateurs sous la houlette de la Commission et de la Banque Centrale Européenne.

La complexité institutionnelle et les détails absurdes,produiront deux faiblesses inévitables: un processus de décision encore plus complexe en cas de crise et une propension des financiers de contourner la jungle des règlementations.

Que ce soit la baleine de Londres chez JP Morgan, la chute de MF Global et surtout la manipulation du taux du LIBOR ou les délit d'initiés,  nous avons continué à assister à un ensemble d'infractions que les régulateurs n’ont pu prévenir.
Le bilan des grandes banques mondiales continue à contenir deux fois plus d'actifs financiers que de prêts à l'économie.
Apres une première vague de "démissions" à la tète de plusieurs banques et institutions financières, tout est rentré dans l'ordre. Les Présidents et leurs conseils d'administration sont aussi peu efficaces et compétents qu'avant. Personne n'a été remercié. Les activités de marché ont continué de plus belle, les hedge funds sont en croissance, les "acteurs financiers" sont repartis à l'assaut d'acquisitions, bref, le modèle financier n'a changé que marginalement, et les banques européennes ne se sont pas vu interdire de spéculer avec leurs fonds propres. 
 Le rôle de la règlementation est de fixer le cadre institutionnel, les règles du jeu et la manière dont les sanctions sont prises. Il serait cependant illusoire de croire qu'elle est en mesure de moraliser la sphère financière.
Il faudra que les individus qui commettent certaines de ces infractions soient appelés à la barre et aient à rendre compte de leurs actes. L'arme de la prison s'impose dans les cas extrêmes. L'interdiction de pratiquer la profession me parait infiniment plus efficace. Le droit et l'éthique opèrent dans des sphères différentes.
Ils se rencontrent sans pour autant se chevaucher.
C'est de la direction des institutions financières que doit venir l'initiative. On ne voit pas beaucoup de changement. Les hommes et les femmes au sommet proviennent de cette même culture et la plupart d’entre eux n'ont pas changé. Ce sont les mêmes dirigeants et les mêmes administrateurs au moins pour les trois quarts.
Ce changement est-il impossible? Certainement pas. C'est en privilégiant la gestion des risques par rapport aux bénéfices que l'on arrivera à une vraie transformation de la dynamique qui amène la finance à se multiplier. C'est indispensable, mais demande du temps et il semble qu’il faudra quelques belles déconfitures financières. Augmenter les pare-feu ne change pas les mentalités. Il est important d'être réalistes. Le rôle des régulateurs reste limité. L’intégrité personnelle et collective reste la clé de voute".

Georges Ugeux
Le Monde

DoCoMo ignites free iPhone 5S handset free-for-all in Japan

NTT DoCoMo's entry into the iPhone fray in Japan is sparking fierce competition for customers, with all three carriers offering certain iPhone 5S models for free with a two-year contract.

DoCoMo, KDDI (au), and SoftBank will offer the 16GB versions of the iPhone 5S for effectively nothing with a two-year contract on certain plans, all three carriers announced Friday.
The carriers have posted the pricing plans on their respective Web sites, while the news has been reported widely in Japan.
In DoCoMo's case, for example, discounts are applied monthly over the term of the contract, effectively yielding a free handset.
The entry of DoCoMo, Japan's largest carrier, into the market marks a tectonic shift in that company's strategy and for the Japanese phone market in general. Domestic phone suppliers like Sharp and Fujitsu, which are in DoCoMo's stable of handset suppliers, are expected to suffer as a result.
And the numbers aren't pretty. DoCoMo sells about 23.5 million mobile phones a year. If Apple takes 40 percent of that number -- as Nikkei recently reported -- the iPhone maker could dominate the Japanese market.

Japan retakes top spot for overseas bank lending - BIS

Japanese banks have once again become the biggest overseas lenders, returning to a position they last occupied in the late 1990s before a deep banking crisis forced them to pull back from international markets.
The Bank for International Settlements (BIS), which charts cross-border lending around the world, on Sunday said Japanese banks were responsible for 13 percent of cross-border lending at the end of March, up from 8 percent in early 2007, after stepping up lending to emerging markets, Caribbean and U.S. borrowers.The put Japanese lenders above U.S. and German banks, who accounted for 12 percent and 11 percent of cross-border lending at the end of March, respectively. British and French banks both accounted for just over 10 percent of loans.
The BIS report said Japanese banks funded their expansion mainly through financing from their large domestic deposit base.

Source: Reuters

Japan should promote deregulation in Tokyo for Olympics

The Japanese government should promote deregulation in Tokyo to tap private-sector money for developing social infrastructure ahead of the 2020 Summer Olympics, external members of its panel on economic and fiscal policy said Friday.
In their proposal, the nongovernmental members urged Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to designate the capital as a special economic zone under his policy package to stimulate growth, including incentives for investment in building facilities for the sports event as well as transportation infrastructure.Earlier in the day, the government also named education minister Hakubun Shimomura to double as state minister in charge of the Olympics.
Employing private-sector funds and known-how for infrastructure development is expected to help the government decrease its fiscal burden for such projects at a time when state finances have been suffering from growing debt, the worst among major developed countries.

Source: NewsOnJapan

Largest travel fair in Asia opens in Tokyo

Japanese travel agents and hotels are scrambling to draw tourists to Japan, even more so after Tokyo won its bid to host the 2020 Olympics.
The largest travel fair in Asia, "Tabihaku" began in Tokyo on Friday.The Japan Association of Travel Agents holds the event every year. People from 730 firms and groups, including travel agents, airline companies and hotels, from 154 countries, are taking part.
The weaker yen has been a factor in the record number of foreign visitors in Japan this year. Tourism officials expect more, with Tokyo's winning Olympic bid.

Source: NewsOnJapan

Japan, India ageee on joint gas and oil development

Japan and India have agreed to discuss ways to jointly develop untapped energy resources in Africa and South America.
The agreement came at a ministerial meeting of the 2 countries in New Delhi on Thursday. Japan was represented by Economy, Trade and Industry Minister Toshimitsu Motegi. India's representative, Montek Singh Ahluwalia, is the deputy chairman of a planning commission in charge of energy policy.The 2 countries want to procure liquefied natural gas and oil at lower prices. They will start discussions this year to formulate a strategy to develop oil and gas fields in Africa and South America.

Source: NewsOnJapan

Former UK PM Gordon Brown China's degree of success will determine global growth

Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown said that China's degree of success will determine global growth, and determine whether the 21st century would be the Asian century.
Recalling the history of China's development in recent years, Brown said under the first wave of modernization, China's progress to middle-income status has been astounding and dramatic.
"In the first decade of the century, China became the world's largest manufacturer. In 2009, China surpassed Germany as the world's largest exporter. In 2010 it passed the U.S. to become the world's largest car producer," according to Brown.
He predicted that China would depend less on exports to the West. In the last decade, merchandise exports to developing economies have already doubled, to 25 percent.
Brown pointed out that China should no longer rely on "one-off" advantages such as the move from an agricultural to an industrial economy, comparatively low-cost labor, and the boost from membership in the WTO.
"China knows it will have to move quickly to exploit the "Third Industrial Revolution" from 3D printing and digital design to nanotechnology, biotechnology and genetics, hence its one million research and development workers and its plans for 100 million more graduates," he said.
Brown also noted that most important barriers to long-term success are the disparities in wealth, now being addressed under Chinese premier's desire to "promote social equity."
Source: Xinhua

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